health for life

Health is the most important thing in our lives, we can perform daily activities with ease. Health is a condition where we can move and produce a healthy, there are psychologically healthy, sikologis, social and economic.
To understand the health problems often found in Indonesia need to be divided into several groups, including behavioral health issues, environmental, genetic and health services that will lead to further problems such as maternal and child health, nutrition and communicable diseases whether or not contagious. Health problems can occur in the general public or specific communities such as vulnerable groups (infants, toddlers and mothers), the elderly and working groups.

    Health Behavior Problems
When referring to health behavior research Hendrik L. Blum in the United States has the second factor affecting the health status following environmental factors. Behavioral factors in Indonesia allegedly became a major factor kesehatn problem is still low due to the knowledge of health and poverty. These conditions may be related to levels that affect people's knowledge for healthy behavior. Formation of initiated behavioral responses to stimuli in the cognitive domain of knowledge on these objects, then create an inner response (affective) that is the attitude toward that object. Response action (behavior) can occur after the response in the direction of knowledge and attitude (synchronous) or directly without a second based on the response. This type of behavior is likely not last long because they develop signs of understanding the benefits of certain behavior.
Process that preceded the formation of a behavior requires a source of knowledge and knowledge gained from health education. Health education is an activity or effort to target health messages that target the knowledge of an issue in hopes of increasing the target to behave well.
Agree to an attitude of healthy behaviors can be formed when the knowledge of the underlying behavior is reinforced by evidence of benefit for a person's behavior based motif. If one can discover the benefits of healthy behavior that is expected by health care workers who support the attitude is formed.
Own behavior according to Lawrence Green is backed three main factors predisposing factors (predisposing factors), supporting factors (enabling factors) and reinforcing factors (reinforcing factors). Therefore it is behavioral change through health education need to intervene against the three factors mentioned above so that the public has a corresponding behavioral health values ​​(Clean and Healthy Behavior).

    Environmental health issues
Environmental health is a state of optimum environment so that a positive effect on the formation of an optimum level of public health as well. Environmental health issues including sanitation, water supply, waste management and waste management as well as public places and food processing.

     2. Sanitation
Residential neighborhood in particular is home to one of the basic needs of human life. Population growth is not followed by accretion of land tends to cause problems of population density and residential environment that cause various diseases and health problems. Home health as a prerequisite for healthy behavior have a difficult criteria to be met due to the density of population that is not matched the availability of land for housing. Criteria include a minimum area of ​​2.5 m2 per house occupant, adequate water supply, excreta disposal, garbage disposal and waste, kitchen facilities and warehouse space as well as the family gathered and cattle sheds for rural homes. Not met the requirements of healthy house can cause health problems or physical illness, mental and social and family influence productivity ultimately leads to poverty and social problems.

     3. Water supply
Clean water requirements mainly include drinking water, bathing, cooking and washing. Consumed drinking water must meet the minimum requirements for water consumed. Terms of drinking water include physical terms, conditions bacteriological and chemical requirements. Healthy drinking water has the characteristics of a colorless, odorless, tasteless, temperatures below ambient air temperature (physical condition), free from pathogenic bacteria (bacteriological requirements) and contains certain substances in quantities required (chemical requirements). In Indonesia, the sources of drinking water from rain water, river water, lake water, springs, shallow wells and water wells. Water sources have the characteristics of each that require simple processing to modern so drinkable.
Unmet need for clean water can cause health problems or illnesses such as skin infections, intestinal infections, dental disease and others.

     4. Waste management and waste
Waste is the result of either human waste (feces), households, industries or other public places. Material or waste is a solid object is discarded because it was not used in human activities. Management of waste and improper waste will cause pollution to the health of the environment.
Processing of human waste in need of a qualified order not to cause contamination of soil and water and odor pollution and disturb the aesthetics. Disposal of human waste and sewage treatment in the form of latrines and septic tanks must meet health requirements because some diseases are transmitted through the mediation of dirt.
Waste management includes organic waste, inorganic and hazardous materials, has two stages, namely the management of waste collection and transportation and disposal and waste processing.
Waste management aimed at preventing water pollution and soil so that the processing of waste should generate hazardous waste tidah. Terms of effluent treatment includes physical condition, bacteriological and chemical. Wastewater treatment done in a simple and modern. Simply put waste water treatment can be done by dilution (dilution), oxidation ponds and irrigation, while the modern use of facilities or the Waste Water Treatment Plant (SPAL / WWTP).

    Management of public places and food processing
Management of public places including places of worship, schools, markets and other places while the food processing include the processing of food (plant or food industry) and food (shops, food stalls, canteens, restaurants, cafes, etc.). Activities such as building inspection requirements, the availability of clean water and sewage treatment and garbage.

    2. Health Care Problems
Quality health services will result in optimal health. Achievement of health care standards require the availability of resources requirements and procedures.
Availability of resources that will support healthy behaviors to utilize community health services either public or private pre-requisite human resource needs (health professional), resource facilities and infrastructure (buildings and supporting facilities) seta financial resources (financial health).

   3. Health professional
Implementing health care includes medical personnel, paramedics, nursing, paramedical and non medical non-nursing (administration). Professional health workers who provide health care and competence demonstrated by follow procedures.
Nowadays many people receive health services in sub-standard due to the above conditions are not met. Limitations of the workforce in Indonesia due to lack of appropriate competence or are not uniformly distributed delivery of health workers who provide services are not appropriate competence. Lack of knowledge and economic motives often makes the standard of care has not been done to the fullest. Society tends to accept these conditions because of ignorance and compulsion. Although the government has a lot to improve the quality of health services in Indonesia, either through regulation competency standards of health and competence enhancement programs and equitable distribution of health personnel, but not all health workers to support. This is related to health behaviors of health workers is still much to deviate from the original purpose of its existence improve community health status. Curative services, while still leading the preventive and promotive aspects of health services has not been dominant. Healthy behaviors following the current public health paradigm was defeated by the illness behavior, the use of health care only when sick.

    Means of building and supporting
Limited facilities and infrastructure to support health services currently handled by the concept of the concept memandirikan prepared village community healthier. Unfortunately, these conditions are not fully supported by the community because it is more dominant behavior of pain. The government itself other than state funds and the budget, through the Operational Support Activities program (BOK) Center and program development of referral health care facilities have improved the quality of health care infrastructure in Indonesia.

     2. Health financing
Factor of public financing is often a barrier to gain access to quality health care. Factors that are contributing factors (enabling factors) to behave in public health have been conducted in Indonesia through health insurance and matching funds. Call it the health insurance for civil servants (PT Askes), police and army (PT. Asabri), industrial workers (PT Jamsostek), poor (Jamkesmas Family Hope Program), the community can not afford (Jamkesda) and even the general public (Jampersal and private insurance). Still, the issue of health financing an obstacle in achieving quality health services related to public awareness of healthy behavior. Illness behavior is still dominant that curative efforts are likely to lead to large cost of funds is not fulfilled or discharged in the middle of the road. What is needed is a paradigm shift into the community through the Healthy Paradigm Health Education by health workers continuously.

     3. Genetic problems
Some health problems and diseases caused by genetic factors not only hereditary diseases like hemophilia, diabetes mellitus, infertility and others but also social problems such as cracks households to divorce, poverty and crime. Health problems and diseases that arise due to genetic factors do not understand a lot more due to genetic causes, despite the attitude of rejection because the trust factor. So that people can behave in a healthy genetic required health education interventions accompanied by efforts to decision-making approach (religious leaders, community leaders and rulers). Intervention in the form of health education through genetic counseling, counseling of reproductive age, premarital preparation and the importance of genetic testing can reduce the risk of emerging diseases or health problems in the offspring.
CONCLUSION
Public health has a goal of improving public health by moving the entire potential of the community. May mean that people's health should be improved and maintained by health workers. Condition of health problems in Indonesia are mostly related behavior and community health workers who have not fully support toward healthy behavior. Attempts to change people's behavior into healthy behaviors can be done with health education or health promotion specifically. On the basis of these circumstances will be mandatory for healthcare workers have the competencies of health promotion.